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<span><span>This book analyzes the rise of civil society and legal contentiousness in China as the author examines how AIDS carriers and pollution victims pursue justice. His case studies highlight the development of civil society as well as the limitations to the “politics of justice” as the system balances between the rule of law and regime stability.<br></span></span>
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<span><span>Preface </span></span>
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<span><span>List of Acronyms </span></span>
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<span><span>List of Tables </span></span>
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<span><span>1 </span><span>Introduction: “Tigers without Teeth?” </span></span>
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<span><span>Dilemmas of Rule of Law and Civil Society in Nondemocratic Regimes </span></span>
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<span><span>Challenges to the Pursuit of Legal Justice </span></span>
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<span><span>Why Study Environmental Pollution Victims and HIV/AIDS Carriers? </span></span>
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<span><span>Linking Civil Society Development, Litigation, and Rule of Law </span></span>
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<span><span>Understanding the Divergent State Responses to Looming Crises </span></span>
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<span><span>A Look Ahead </span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>2 </span><span>State Management of Civil Society and the Judiciary </span></span>
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<span><span>Contending Approaches to Chinese Civil Society </span></span>
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<span><span>Civil Society and the Judiciary as Arenas of Contestation </span></span>
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<span><span>Categories of Civil Society Organizations and Registration Rules </span></span>
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<span><span>Sources of Civil Society Organization Autonomy</span></span>
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<span><span>Regulatory Changes and Control over Civil Society Organizations</span></span>
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<span><span>UNAIDS and the Rift with China’s State over the Global Fund</span></span>
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<span><span>China’s Judiciary </span></span>
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<span><span>Party and State Influence over the Courts</span></span>
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<span><span>Sources of Judicial Autonomy </span></span>
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<span><span>Civil Society and Reining in Cause Lawyers</span></span>
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<span><span>Conclusion: China’s State in the Trenches</span></span>
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<span><span>Notes</span></span>
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<span><span>3 </span><span>The Development of China’s Environmental and HIV/AIDS Crises</span></span>
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<span><span>Institutions and Epidemics in China </span></span>
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<span><span>Marketization and Globalization </span></span>
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<span><span>Legislation and Stigmatization </span></span>
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<span><span>Ministry of Health </span></span>
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<span><span>The Spread of HIV/AIDS in China </span></span>
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<span><span>Institutional Origins of China’s Environmental Crisis </span></span>
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<span><span>Environmental Regulations </span></span>
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<span><span>Economic Institutions </span></span>
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<span><span>The Environmental Protection Bureaucracy 7</span></span>
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<span><span>China’s Environmental Decline 7</span></span>
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<span><span>The Mao Era (1949–1978) 7</span></span>
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<span><span>The Post-Mao Era (1978–Present) </span></span>
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<span><span>Conclusion: Institutional Origins and Responses to Crises </span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>4 </span><span>Civil Society Responses to HIV/AIDS and Environmental Pollution </span></span>
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<span><span>The Development of HIV/AIDS Organizations </span></span>
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<span><span>SARS Crisis </span></span>
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<span><span>China CARES Program </span></span>
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<span><span>Limits to State-Centered Approaches to HIV/AIDS </span></span>
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<span><span>International Efforts to Empower Chinese AIDS Groups and Their Limits </span></span>
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<span><span>Chinese Grassroots NGOs—Bounded Autonomy </span></span>
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<span><span>A Fractured Civil Society: China’s HIV/AIDS Organizations </span></span>
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<span><span>Environmental Civil Society Groups</span></span>
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<span><span>Emergence of Environmental Civil Society Groups</span></span>
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<span><span>Environmental Legal Aid Groups </span></span>
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<span><span>The Politics of Civil Society Development and Legal Aid </span></span>
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<span><span>Notes 115</span></span>
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<span><span>5 </span><span>HIV/AIDS Carriers Settling for Discrimination </span></span>
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<span><span>Legal and Regulatory Context of HIV/AIDS Carriers’ Rights</span></span>
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<span><span>State Attempts to Keep HIV/AIDS Social Conflict Out of the Courts </span></span>
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<span><span>Discrimination against HIV/AIDS Carriers </span></span>
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<span><span>Discrimination and the Right to Health Care </span></span>
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<span><span>Discrimination and Health Insurance </span></span>
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<span><span>Employment Discrimination</span></span>
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<span><span>Compensation for Contracting HIV/AIDS from the Mishandling of the Blood Supply</span></span>
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<span><span>“We Cannot Control Our Anger Anymore” </span></span>
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<span><span>Conclusion: Settling for Discrimination? </span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>6 </span><span>Litigating for Pollution Victims’ Rights </span></span>
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<span><span>Development of Chinese Environmental Laws and Regulations </span></span>
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<span><span>Development of Environmental Litigation in China </span></span>
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<span><span>Joint Litigation </span></span>
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<span><span>Health Damages </span></span>
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<span><span>Right to Know</span></span>
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<span><span>Halting Pollution Violations </span></span>
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<span><span>Efforts to Improve Implementation of Environmental Regulations</span></span>
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<span><span>“Scientific Development,” “Harmonious Society,” and Litigation</span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>7 </span><span>Who May Defend the “Public Interest”? </span></span>
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<span><span>The Legal Basis of Chinese Environmental Public Interest Litigation </span></span>
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<span><span>The Slow Development of Environmental Public Interest Litigation </span></span>
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<span><span>Law Revisions and Environmental Public Interest Litigation </span></span>
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<span><span>GONGO Leadership of Public Interest Litigation and Societal Quiescence </span></span>
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<span><span>Courts and the Politics of Environmental Adjudication </span></span>
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<span><span>Representing the Public Interest: Citizen-State Struggles in Civil Society</span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>8 </span><span>Conclusion: Helping Tigers Grow Teeth </span></span>
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<span><span>Factors Propelling Rights Protection in China </span></span>
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<span><span>International Funding and Linkages </span></span>
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<span><span>Mobilization of Protest and Media </span></span>
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<span><span>Litigation </span></span>
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<span><span>Regime Allies </span></span>
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<span><span>Obstacles to Rights-Based Contention</span></span>
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<span><span>Uneven and Fragmented Civil Society </span></span>
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<span><span>Decentralized and Fractured Bureaucracy and Judiciary </span></span>
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<span><span>Is a Rights Revolution Incompatible with Regime Maintenance? </span></span>
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<span><span>Notes </span></span>
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<span><span>Interview List</span></span>
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<span><span>Bibliography </span></span>
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<span><span>Chinese Language Sources </span></span>
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<span><span>About the Author</span></span>
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<span><span>This compelling book analyzes the rise of civil society and legal contentiousness in contemporary China. Scott Wilson examines how Chinese AIDS carriers and pollution victims pursue justice in Chinese courts and civil society. He traces the emergence of the AIDS and pollution crises in China as well as state and civil society responses to them, finding China’s state has reacted more favorably to pollution victims than AIDS carriers. Wilson’s detailed case studies provide important insights into the development of civil society, as well as highlight limitations to the pursuit of justice as the system balances between the development of rule of law and regime stability.</span></span>

<span><span>Scott Wilson</span><span> is Alfred Walter Negley Professor of Politics, The University of the South.</span></span>